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CHG-04.3: Dual Authorization for Change

CHG 6 — Medium Protect

Mechanisms exist to enforce a two-person rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS).

Control Question: Does the organization enforce a two-person rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS)?

Capability Maturity Model

Level 0 — Not Performed

There is no evidence of a capability to enforce a two-pers on rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS).

Level 1 — Performed Informally

C|P-CMM1 is N/A, since a structured process is required to enforce a two-pers on rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS).

Level 2 — Planned & Tracked

C|P-CMM2 is N/A, since a well-defined process is required to enforce a two-pers on rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS).

Level 3 — Well Defined

Change Management (CHG) efforts are standardized across the organization and centrally managed, where technically feasible, to ensure consistency. CMM Level 3 control maturity would reasonably expect all, or at least most, the following criteria to exist: o Exists to govern changes to systems, applications and services to ensure their stability, reliability and predictability. o Reviews RFC for cybersecurity and data privacy ramifications. o Notifies stakeholders to ensure awareness of the impact of proposed changes.

  • An IT Asset Management (ITAM) function, or similar function, ensures compliance with requirements for asset management.
  • ITAM leverages a Configuration Management Database (CMDB), or similar tool, as the authoritative source of IT assets.
  • Logical Access Control (LAC) is governed to limit the ability of non-administrators from making configuration changes to systems, applications and services.
  • A formal Change Management (CM) program ensures that no unauthorized changes are made, that all changes are documented, that services are not disrupted and that resources are used efficiently.
  • The CM function has formally defined roles and associated responsibilities.
  • Changes are tracked through a centralized technology solution to submit, review, approve and assign Requests for Change (RFC).
  • A Change Advisory Board (CAB), or similar function:
  • IT personnel use dedicated development/test/staging environments to deploy and evaluate changes, wherever technically possible.
  • Critical systems are configured to use dual authorization mechanisms requiring the approval of two authorized individuals in order to execute a change.
Level 4 — Quantitatively Controlled

See C|P-CMM3. There are no defined C|P-CMM4 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a quantitatively-controlled process is not necessary to enforce a two-pers on rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS).

Level 5 — Continuously Improving

See C|P-CMM4. There are no defined C|P-CMM5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to enforce a two-pers on rule for implementing changes to critical Technology Assets, Applications and/or Services (TAAS).

Assessment Objectives

  1. CHG-04.3_A01 critical or sensitive system and organizational operations for which dual authorization is to be enforced are identified.
  2. CHG-04.3_A02 dual authorization is employed to execute critical or sensitive system and organizational operations.

Technology Recommendations

Micro/Small

  • Logical Access Control (LAC)
  • Physical Access Control (PAC)
  • Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
  • Separation of Duties (SoD)

Small

  • Logical Access Control (LAC)
  • Physical Access Control (PAC)
  • Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
  • Separation of Duties (SoD)

Medium

  • Logical Access Control (LAC)
  • Physical Access Control (PAC)
  • Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
  • Separation of Duties (SoD)

Large

  • Logical Access Control (LAC)
  • Physical Access Control (PAC)
  • Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
  • Separation of Duties (SoD)

Enterprise

  • Logical Access Control (LAC)
  • Physical Access Control (PAC)
  • Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
  • Separation of Duties (SoD)

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